Dissertation on Autism
Autism is a developmental disability that appears during the first three years of life. It is a direct result of a neurological disorder that affects the functioning of the brain. This paper will further discuss the relevance of the disease, the symptoms of the disease, the traits of an Autistic person and the different treatments and cures available. Today, Autism affects four hundred thousand people. It is the third most common developmental disability. Autistic behaviors occur in about fifteen out of every ten thousand individuals. Autism is two times more common than Down Syndrome and six times more common than Childhood Cancer. It is four times more prevalent to occur in boys than in girls. The severity of Autism varies widely from one individual to the next. Therefore, the ability to detect an individual who is Autistic is easier in some cases than others. The common visual differences in an individual with Autism are: a. Marked impairment in the use of multiple nonverbal behaviors.
Autism affects verbal communication, nonverbal communication and social interaction. In order for an Autistic person to speak, it takes a lot of time and effort. It is difficult because it is hard for them to remember speech vocabulary. Autistic individuals have trouble pronouncing words. Some Autistic individuals may be mute or they may occasionally lose the ability to speak. Many need to pause and need extra time to process verbal comments or to formulate responses. It is not uncommon for an Autistic person to repeat phrases that have been heard. Oftentimes Autistic people do not speak and are perceived as being shy and distant.
Autistic people will avoid talking to dodge embarrassment. Frequent body language also makes an Autistic person seem further distant. Hearing, as well as speech is affected by Autism. Sound for an Autistic person is more pronounced. So noises that are normal for us, may hurt or damage an Autistic person's ears. It is also difficult for some individuals to produce sound. You may have to repeat and speak slower to an Autistic person. Another affect of Autism is vision impairment. It is very difficult for an Autistic person to recognize faces. The process of recognition is very challenging and frustrating. It takes long periods of time.
Bright light may also hurt the eyes of an Autistic person by creating flickering or vibrating frequencies in the head. Autistic people also have unusual sensory experiences. They range from being overly sensitive, less sensitive than normal or they may have difficulty interrupting a sense.
Some are insensitive to pain and may fail to notice an injury as well. Other physical conditions of an Autistic person may be: rocking back and forth, humming or talking to themselves, spinning in constant circles, covering their eyes with their hands, and intense daydreaming resulting in frequent talking and giggling. An estimated 25% also suffer from epileptic seizures of various kinds. An Autistic person tends to dislike and even be uninterested in change. Autistic individuals become attached to objects or routines. If forced to abandon this object or routine, they become very upset. If an event seems too traumatic to an Autistic person, they will "shut down". Shut down is caused by an event which has either too much physical or emotional stimulation.
Before a "shut down" occurs, an Autistic person may have trouble concentrating, be tired, confused, or have some physical pain. These conditions will lead to tantrums and emotional outbursts. Another trait of an Autistic individual is having intense interests. Many of these interests could be perceived as obsessive. The interests could be as mainstream as a sport or as odd as memorizing train schedules. Experts are not certain of the cause or prevention for Autism. Some medications are prescribed to alleviate specific symptoms of the disease. Some of these symptoms are: aggression, seizures, hyperactivity, obsessive compulsive behaviors, and anxiety.
Many Autistic individuals also take speech therapy and sign language to increase their ability to communicate. They may be involved in behavioral techniques to help them deal with sudden physical and emotional out bursts. Although Autism has no cure, treatment can positively affect and reduce symptoms of the disability. The cause of Autism remains unknown. The disease develops before the age of three and has a wide variety of symptoms. Although many treatments are available, there is no cure. Last year the Autism foundations received $12 million dollars for medical research. I hope that the medical research for Autism continues and a cure is soon discovered.
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