PhD Thesis on CRM
Summary:
The article begins by stating that the NTSB, in recent years, has gone back to look at one of the "links" in accidents is poor communication among the flight crew members. What started as "cockpit resource management", has changed to "crew resource management" in the politically correct modern day. Crew resource management, or CRM, looks at ways to break down barriers to communicating on the flight deck, and ways to effectively convey messages, without sending hostility in word choice or voice inflection. By keeping things friendly, the crew will be more likely to voluntarily interact with each other positively, and work with each other to eradicate problems as effectively, and efficiently as possible.
The articles main view is the formation of a toolbox, in which the pilot can go into and have "tools" readily available for use. Some of these tools include verbal CRM items. Many are just one or two word catch phrases that get the attention of the crew and clue them in to what is happening. Words like "overload" or "rushed" clue the rest of the crew to slow things down, as they must be moving too fast for one of the crewmembers. Another tool that they emphasize is the challenge. They say to begin the challenge with "I'm" and followed by words like "concerned/uncomfortable" to reduce hostility. By using the latter, and/or "unsafe", it may open the eyes of the captain and make him rethink his actions. Another tool is the tool of touch. In our industry, touch is pretty uncommon on the flight deck. They say to use this to get the attention of someone to alert them of something that may require immediate action. The last thing of importance, but certainly not least is the brief/debrief tool. This sets the stage for good communication at the beginning of the flight and ends with an overview in which positive learning is utilized through praise and constructive criticism. Lastly, CRM must be developed through a flight department, because if not properly trained, the pilot will revert back to his traditional mindset of single pilot management for solving problems on the flight deck.
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The articles main view is the formation of a toolbox, in which the pilot can go into and have "tools" readily available for use. Some of these tools include verbal CRM items. Many are just one or two word catch phrases that get the attention of the crew and clue them in to what is happening. Words like "overload" or "rushed" clue the rest of the crew to slow things down, as they must be moving too fast for one of the crewmembers. Another tool that they emphasize is the challenge. They say to begin the challenge with "I'm" and followed by words like "concerned/uncomfortable" to reduce hostility. By using the latter, and/or "unsafe", it may open the eyes of the captain and make him rethink his actions. Another tool is the tool of touch. In our industry, touch is pretty uncommon on the flight deck. They say to use this to get the attention of someone to alert them of something that may require immediate action. The last thing of importance, but certainly not least is the brief/debrief tool. This sets the stage for good communication at the beginning of the flight and ends with an overview in which positive learning is utilized through praise and constructive criticism. Lastly, CRM must be developed through a flight department, because if not properly trained, the pilot will revert back to his traditional mindset of single pilot management for solving problems on the flight deck.
Evaluation:
I agree totally with the mentality of the author. It is absolutely pertinent that training in the CRM must be present in order to rid them of reverting to solving problems single handedly. I believe that as part of an interview, people should also be judged on their people skills, as well as if they can communicate effectively. As per the article, I think that it should not only be part of recurrent training, but stressed during initial training. I also think that mandatory briefs/debriefs be used during IOE, as well as catch words when the situation arises. That would set the stage for better communication in the years to follow. I believe that if everyone has the basic "tools" in their toolbox, individual crewmembers could be switched frequently without any loss to effective, open lines of communication on the flight deck.
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